Intermittent fasting and liver disease: Insights from the Ramadan model

This review pulls together evidence on how the prolonged daily dry fasting of Ramadan affects liver biology — including insulin sensitivity, autophagy, gut microbiota, and inflammation — and how these effects play out across conditions from fatty liver disease to cirrhosis, liver cancer, and post-transplant care. Rather than presenting new data, it synthesizes existing findings to guide safer, culturally sensitive fasting advice for patients with liver disease.